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Essential Concepts

This section contains material explaining some of the essential concepts that define the ways in which we encode and transmit TV content.

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3 Theory of Colour Vision

The design and implementation of colour television systems - along with the allied technologies of film an computer display devices - depend on an intimate understanding of human colour vision.

The documents in this section introduce the key aspects of colour theory that underpin all analogue and digital TV, as well as introducing concepts such as gamut, colour primaries, and colour space.

4 Audio Data-Rate Compression

Audio data-rate compression – such a that used in the widely used MPEG family of audio coding standards – depends on a detailed understanding of human hearing and particularly the types of signal degradation that are inaudible.

The documents in this section illustrate the principles of these, so-called psychoacoustic compression systems, and how these are related to the characteristics of human hearing.

9 Video Data-Rate Compression

Uncompressed digital video has such an enormous data bandwidth that it is impracticable to broadcast it within the constraints of available transmission channels. Fortunately we now have techniques of video data-rate compression that are capable of reducing the data-rate of a video signal by factors of 100:1 or better, and without which digital TV broadcasting would not be possible.

The documents in this section introduce the range of techniques that collectively provide us with effective video data-rate compression.

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The Concept of Colour TVhot! Tooltip

03/28/2007 Hits: 487

Illustrating the underlying concepts of colour TV: the separation of images into primary colours (red, green and blue) to match the responses of the colour sensitive cells in the human eye, scanning to produce an electronic signal, and reproduction on a colour CRT.

Keywords: colour (color) coding, dichroic block, CCD camera, scan pattern, raster, flyback, shadow-mask colour (color) display.

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The Broadcast Spectrum and Transmission Channelshot! Tooltip

03/28/2007 Hits: 527

Broadcast services operate in the the context of and in competition with other radio services. This document illustrates the radio transmission frequencies used for broadcast services, and the bands and channels used for TV broadcast within that context.

Keywords: broadcast spectrum, broadcast bands, channel, channel bandwidths, world admistrative conferences (WARC), VHF, UHF.

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Sound for TVhot! Tooltip

03/28/2007 Hits: 461

Illustrating the options for the sound channel of a TV service, and the loudspeaker placements for surround-sound services.

Keywords: monophonic (mono) sound, stereophonic (stereo) sound, surround sound, low frequency effects (LFE), loudspeaker placement.

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Please note that by downloading this document you acknowledge that you have read and agree to the applicable conditions shown here.

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Options for Picture Qualityhot! Tooltip

03/28/2007 Hits: 474

Illustrating the concepts of different degrees of picture quality - a concept that is necessary due to the limitations of limitations in available display quality (now historical) and transmission channel bandwidth.